APPENDIX I

All functional classifications of establishments were carried out by the same team of two people. Definitions were kept simple and specific. Initially each establishment was placed in one of three groups: (1) Retail and Service, (2) Manufacturing, and (3) Warehousing. The manufacturing establishments often contained integrated office and warehouse space, and the warehousing establishments often included office space. These establishments were classified on the basis of their dominant space-using function.

Manufacturing was defined as any processing in which materials are changed in form or composition. Warehousing was defined as storage of materials, without change in form or composition, followed by distribution. Retail and Service uses were those which provided personal services or sold consumer goods. Lumber yards with retail stores or display wares were included in this group. Except for one case --the technical training school noted on page 15--the assignment of each establishment to one of these three categories was accomplished rapidly and without dispute by the field team.

Although each establishment was classified in one of these three broad categories, its name and exact function was also noted. From the specific list of establishments, the/Retail and Service group was subdivided into two parts. These two subgroups were taken from a study of locational groupings of business types in four large cities by Brian Berry, published in 1959. 1l Berry identified and listed certain "types" of

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business which tend to be in certain "conformations" on the land, on the map, or in statistical arrangements. The three "conformations" identified by Berry were called "Nucleated Shopping Centers", "Highway-Oriented Facilities", and "Urban Arterial Districts". The types of business in each group areas follows (Berry, op. cit., Table 1, p. 147):

These three groups were changed to two for this study by combining the Highway-Oriented and Urban Arterial classes. All of the establishments in the Retail and Services category used in this study could be identified as business types, listed by Berry. Thus they could readily be divided into these two sub-groups: "Shopping Center" and "Highway Oriented-Urban Arterial".

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APPENDIX II

Physical characteristics of 312 commercial and industrial establishments were examined in connection with earlier studies of the Minnesota Highway Research Project. The establishments are located in the city of Faribault, Minnesota, and along 78th and 66th Streets, arterial highways in the south suburban area of metropolitan Minneapolis.

Five physical characteristics were noted for each establishment: (1) the construction materials of the building, (2) the building area, (3) the number of stories in the building, (4) the area of used land, including landscaping, and (5) the use of outside space. On the basis of these five characteristics, the establishments were aggregated into four "Building Improvement" groups. The definitions of the first three groups were noted in the report (page 17); Group IV is defined in the following table. The first three types occurred in the T. H. 100 study strip at the time of this study.

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While there is overlap among the four categories, the 2nd and 3rd quartiles of the four classes are very nearly mutually exclusive. For practical purposes one may say that the following rounded figures describe the median and the range within which half the cases fall.

Note that the median full-and-true building value per square foot of used land increases by about $1.00 from Class in to Class IV. A recent study provides data on the mean full-and-true building value per square foot of land, for warehouse, industrial, plant office, and retail uses in the "frame" (lower buildings surrounding the

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"core", or central business district) of the Minneapolis Central Commercial Area.¹  The mean value is approximately $1.14 per story per square foot of land. For example, one-story buildings average about $1.14 full-and-true building value per square foot of land; two story buildings average about $2.28, etc. Thus the addition of a second story to an average masonry structure in Faribault, or in the suburban locations which were examined, appears to add about the same full-and-true value per square foot of land as it does in the "frame" area of central Minneapolis. In other words, the Building Improvement Classes used in this study appear to be articulated with categories of larger structures which exist in the central city.

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